https://www.enwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Trisyllabic_laxing&feed=atom&action=historyTrisyllabic laxing - Revision history2024-03-28T16:54:00ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.34.0https://www.enwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Trisyllabic_laxing&diff=15058&oldid=prevKentlee7 at 07:34, 30 August 20192019-08-30T07:34:50Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
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<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:34, 30 August 2019</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is a process in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed by two syllables, and the first of the following syllables is unstressed. This generally involves words from Latin or Greek, particularly when suffixes are added, causing the tense vowel to become lax. It is complicated by the Great Vowel Shift, which caused tense vowels in stressed syllables to undergo significant changes, so that the pairing of tense and lax vowels in trisyllabic laxing do not seem phonologically intuitive, especially for those learning English as a second language.<ref>Some of these contents in the first section are adapted from the Wikipedia article on trisyllabic laxing.</ref> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is a process in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed by two syllables, and the first of the following syllables is unstressed. This generally involves words from Latin or Greek, particularly when suffixes are added, causing the tense vowel to become lax. It is complicated by the Great Vowel Shift, which caused tense vowels in stressed syllables to undergo significant changes, so that the pairing of tense and lax vowels in trisyllabic laxing do not seem phonologically intuitive, especially for those learning English as a second language.<ref>Some of these contents in the first section are adapted from the Wikipedia article on trisyllabic laxing.</ref> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This should not be confused with the somewhat related phenomenon of [[trisyllabic <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">delection</del>]], whereby an unstressed syllable is deleted in natural speech, e.g., ''camera'' → "camra".</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This should not be confused with the somewhat related phenomenon of [[trisyllabic <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">deletion</ins>]], whereby an unstressed syllable is deleted in natural speech, e.g., ''camera'' → "camra".</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
</table>Kentlee7https://www.enwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Trisyllabic_laxing&diff=15057&oldid=prevKentlee7 at 07:34, 30 August 20192019-08-30T07:34:39Z<p></p>
<table class="diff diff-contentalign-left" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #222; text-align: center;">Revision as of 07:34, 30 August 2019</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l1" >Line 1:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is a process in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed by two syllables, and the first of the following syllables is unstressed. This generally involves words from Latin or Greek, particularly when suffixes are added, causing the tense vowel to become lax. It is complicated by the Great Vowel Shift, which caused tense vowels in stressed syllables to undergo significant changes, so that the pairing of tense and lax vowels in trisyllabic laxing do not seem phonologically intuitive, especially for those learning English as a second language.<ref>Some of these contents in the first section are adapted from the Wikipedia article on trisyllabic laxing.</ref> </div></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is a process in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed by two syllables, and the first of the following syllables is unstressed. This generally involves words from Latin or Greek, particularly when suffixes are added, causing the tense vowel to become lax. It is complicated by the Great Vowel Shift, which caused tense vowels in stressed syllables to undergo significant changes, so that the pairing of tense and lax vowels in trisyllabic laxing do not seem phonologically intuitive, especially for those learning English as a second language.<ref>Some of these contents in the first section are adapted from the Wikipedia article on trisyllabic laxing.</ref> </div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'>−</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #ffe49c; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This should not be confused with the somewhat related phenomenon of [[trisyllabic <del class="diffchange diffchange-inline">reduction</del>]], whereby an unstressed syllable is deleted in natural speech, e.g., ''camera'' → "camra".</div></td><td class='diff-marker'>+</td><td style="color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>This should not be confused with the somewhat related phenomenon of [[trisyllabic <ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">delection</ins>]], whereby an unstressed syllable is deleted in natural speech, e.g., ''camera'' → "camra".</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
<tr><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td><td class='diff-marker'> </td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #222; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"></td></tr>
</table>Kentlee7https://www.enwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Trisyllabic_laxing&diff=15056&oldid=prevKentlee7 at 07:33, 30 August 20192019-08-30T07:33:54Z<p></p>
<a href="https://www.enwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Trisyllabic_laxing&diff=15056&oldid=15055">Show changes</a>Kentlee7https://www.enwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Trisyllabic_laxing&diff=15055&oldid=prevKentlee7: Created page with "Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is a process in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed b..."2019-08-30T07:27:57Z<p>Created page with "Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is a process in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed b..."</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>Trisyllabic laxing, or trisyllabic shortening, is a process in English in which tense vowels (long vowels or diphthongs) become lax (short monophthongs) if they are followed by two syllables, and the first of the following syllables is unstressed. This generally involves words from Latin or Greek, particularly when suffixes are added, causing the tense vowel to become lax. It is complicated by the Great Vowel Shift, which caused tense vowels in stressed syllables to undergo significant changes, so that the pairing of tense and lax vowels in trisyllabic laxing do not seem phonologically intuitive, especially for those learning English as a second language.<ref>Some of these contents in the first section are adapted from the Wikipedia article on trisyllabic laxing.</ref> <br />
<br />
<br />
==Basic patterns==<br />
Examples of the patterns are as follows. <br />
<br />
<br />
{| cellspacing="5" class=wikitable<br />
! Tense vowel<br />
! →<br />
! Lax vowel<br />
! Example<br />
! Phonetic transcription <br />
|-<br />
| iː<br />
| →<br />
| ɛ<br />
| ser'''e'''ne, ser'''e'''nity;<br />
imp'''e'''de, imp'''e'''diment<br />
| /sɪˈr'''iː'''n, sɪˈr'''ɛ'''n.ɪ.ti/;<br />
/ɪmˈp'''iː'''d, ɪmˈp'''ɛ'''d.ɪ.mənt/<br />
|-<br />
| eɪ<br />
| →<br />
| æ<br />
| prof'''a'''ne, prof'''a'''nity;<br />
gr'''a'''teful, gr'''a'''titude<br />
|/proʊˈf'''eɪ'''n, proʊˈf'''æ'''n.ɪ.ti/<br />
/ˈɡr'''eɪ'''t.fəl, ˈɡr'''æ'''t.ɪ.tjuːd/<br />
|-<br />
| aɪ<br />
| →<br />
| ɪ<br />
| div'''i'''ne, div'''i'''nity;<br />
der'''i'''ve, der'''i'''vative<br />
| /dɪˈv'''aɪ'''n, dɪˈv'''ɪ'''n.ɪ.ti/;<br />
/dɪˈr'''aɪ'''v, dɪˈr'''ɪ'''v.ə.tɪv/<br />
|-<br />
| aʊ<br />
| →<br />
| ʌ<br />
| prof'''ou'''nd, prof'''u'''ndity;<br />
pron'''ou'''nce, pron'''u'''nciation;<br />
<br />
s'''ou'''th, s'''ou'''thern <br />
| /proʊˈf'''aʊ'''nd, proʊˈf'''ʌ'''n.dɪ.ti/;<br />
/proʊˈn'''aʊ'''ns, proʊˌn'''ʌ'''n.siˈeɪ.ʃən/;<br />
<br />
/s'''aʊ'''θ, ˈs'''ʌ'''ð.ərn/<br />
|-<br />
| uː<br />
| →<br />
| α / ɔ <br />
| sch'''oo'''l, sch'''o'''larly<br />
| /sk'''uː'''l, ˈsk'''α'''l.ər.li/<br />
|-<br />
| oʊ<br />
| →<br />
| α / ɔ<br />
| prov'''o'''ke, prov'''o'''cative; s'''o'''le, s'''o'''litude<br />
| /proʊˈv'''oʊ'''k, proʊˈv'''α'''k.ə.tɪv/;<br />
/s'''oʊ'''l, ˈs'''α'''l.ɪ.tjuːd/<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Note: Whether one shortens the /uː/ or /oʊ/ to /ɒ/, /ɔ/, /α/, or even /a/ depends on dialect or one's variety of English. <br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
<references/><br />
<br />
<br />
[[Category:Phonology]] [[Category:Pronunciation]]</div>Kentlee7